How did the political social and economic organizations of Africa differ from that of the Americas in the Early modern period?

"African countries remained independent while in the Americas Europeans governed colonies. Plantation economic organization was more typical of the Americas, although elites in both areas used coerced labor. Because of racial mixture American society was less homogeneous than African, and the mixture produced a social hierarchy dependent on race and place of birth. Although slavery was present in Africa, the absence of racial mixture left untouched the traditional social relationships based on nobility, land, and priesthood."