Why was the papal court removed from rome?

The papal court was removed from Rome in 1309 by Pope Clement V, who relocated it to Avignon, France, primarily to escape the political turmoil and instability in Italy. This period, known as the Avignon Papacy, lasted until 1377 and was marked by a series of popes residing in Avignon, which allowed for closer ties with the French crown. The move was also influenced by concerns over the safety of the papacy, as Rome was plagued by violence and factionalism. The court's return to Rome was ultimately prompted by a desire to restore the papacy's historical and spiritual authority in its traditional seat.