What does a vanitas painting remind the viewer?

A vanitas painting serves as a reminder of the transience of life and the inevitability of death. It often features symbols such as skulls, wilting flowers, and hourglasses to illustrate the fleeting nature of earthly pleasures and material possessions. These artworks encourage viewers to reflect on the vanity of worldly pursuits and the importance of spiritual values. Ultimately, vanitas paintings prompt contemplation of mortality and the legacy one leaves behind.