The position of Carbon on the Periodic Table tells you how many protons carbon has in its nucleus. The number after it tells you the total number of protons and neutrons. You can take the number after it and subtract its number on the periodic table and get the number of neutrons.
For example: Helium is the second element in the periodic table. Helium 3 has two protons and one neutron. Helium 4 has 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Since it is element number 2 it has two protons.
Now try that with carbon.
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