How do you calculate RRF?

The Required Rate of Return (RRF) can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which is expressed as: RRF = Risk-Free Rate + Beta × (Market Return - Risk-Free Rate). Here, the risk-free rate is typically the yield of government bonds, beta represents the asset's volatility relative to the market, and the market return is the expected return of the overall market. Alternatively, RRF can also be determined using other methods like the Dividend Discount Model or the Gordon Growth Model, depending on the context and available data.