Why madre de cacao leaves can kill insect?

Madre de cacao leaves contain natural insecticidal compounds, such as flavonoids and alkaloids, which can disrupt the nervous systems of insects, leading to paralysis or death. These compounds act as a defense mechanism for the plant, deterring herbivores and pests. Additionally, the leaves may also have antifungal and antibacterial properties, further enhancing their protective effects against various pests.