What aspects of brain development underlie the tremendous gains in language motor skills and thinking?

Brain development in areas such as the prefrontal cortex and language centers play a significant role in the gains in language, motor skills, and thinking skills during childhood. Synaptic pruning and myelination also contribute to the refinement and efficiency of neural connections, leading to improved cognitive abilities over time. Additionally, exposure to enriched environments and experiences can further support healthy brain development and enhance various skills in children.