How do protein compounds of plant and animal residues are converted in he soil to nitrates?

Protein compounds from plant and animal residues are broken down in the soil through the process of decomposition, primarily by soil microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. These microorganisms secrete enzymes that degrade proteins into amino acids, which are further decomposed into ammonia through ammonification. Subsequently, nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrites and then into nitrates through nitrification. This process enhances soil fertility by making nitrogen more accessible to plants.