It was Moses who wrote the complete Torah, shortly before he died (Deuteronomy 31).
Before Moses, they had Israelite parchments on which their earliest traditions were recorded (midrash Shemot Rabbah 5:18). These included the entire book of Genesis (ibid. 5:22), which had been prophetically written by the Forefathers themselves, including Abraham. The significant portions of the early parchments were incorporated into the Torah by Moses at God's dictation.
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