When was codes and ciphers invented?

Codes and ciphers have been used for thousands of years, with some of the earliest known examples dating back to ancient civilizations. The Egyptians used hieroglyphs for coded messages around 1900 BCE, while the Greeks employed simple substitution ciphers as early as 400 BCE, such as the famous Caesar cipher. Throughout history, various forms of codes and ciphers have evolved, adapting to the needs of communication and secrecy in different cultures.