What function in excel searches and returns that value's relative position from the table and returns that value's relative position from the table not the value itself?

The function you're looking for is the MATCH function in Excel. It searches for a specified value within a range and returns the relative position of that value in the range. For example, if the value is found in the third position of the specified range, MATCH will return 3. The syntax is MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_array, [match_type]).