When tracking changes in population a historian looks at the fertility rate and the rate?

When tracking changes in population, a historian examines both the fertility rate and the mortality rate. The fertility rate indicates the number of live births per woman, reflecting reproductive trends, while the mortality rate shows the number of deaths in a population, providing insight into health and longevity. Together, these rates help historians understand population growth or decline over time, as well as the social and economic factors influencing these changes. Analyzing these rates is crucial for studying demographic shifts and their impact on society.