How did the renaissance art differ from earlier periods in terms of painting technique?

Renaissance art marked a significant departure from earlier periods through its adoption of techniques that emphasized realism and depth. Artists employed linear perspective to create the illusion of three-dimensional space, along with sfumato and chiaroscuro to enhance light and shadow. This focus on naturalism and human emotion contrasted with the flatter, more stylized representations typical of medieval art. Additionally, the use of oil paints allowed for greater detail and richer colors, further distinguishing Renaissance works.