What are the number of psychological casualties following a chemical or biological attack are likely to be?

The number of psychological casualties following a chemical or biological attack can be significant, often exceeding the number of physical injuries. Studies suggest that up to 30% or more of exposed individuals may experience acute stress reactions, while longer-term psychological impacts, such as PTSD, can affect a substantial portion of the population. Factors influencing these outcomes include the severity of the attack, the level of community support, and individual resilience. Overall, the psychological toll can be profound and long-lasting, necessitating comprehensive mental health interventions.