What are the two processes used by primary producers use to make energy?

Primary producers primarily use photosynthesis and chemosynthesis to make energy. In photosynthesis, they convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen, primarily using chlorophyll. In chemosynthesis, certain organisms, like some bacteria, convert inorganic compounds (such as hydrogen sulfide) into organic matter using chemical energy, typically in environments without sunlight. Both processes are essential for sustaining ecosystems by providing energy for other organisms.