Who decides which traits are normal and which constitute a disability or disorder?

The determination of what traits are considered normal versus those classified as disabilities or disorders is largely influenced by a combination of medical, psychological, and sociocultural factors. Professional organizations, such as the American Psychiatric Association, develop diagnostic criteria based on extensive research and consensus among experts. Societal norms and cultural perspectives also play a significant role, as they can shape the understanding of what constitutes acceptable behavior or functioning. Ultimately, this classification can evolve over time as knowledge and societal attitudes change.