What features do guard cells have?

Guard cells are specialized cells located on either side of stomata in plant leaves and stems. They control the opening and closing of stomata, regulating gas exchange and water loss. These cells have a unique kidney shape that allows them to change volume when water enters or exits, and they contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis, which helps them produce energy. Additionally, guard cells respond to environmental signals, such as light and carbon dioxide levels, to optimize plant health and efficiency.