What is central and obstructive sleep mean?

Central sleep apnea (CSA) occurs when the brain fails to send the appropriate signals to the muscles that control breathing, leading to interrupted breathing during sleep. In contrast, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is caused by a physical blockage of the airway, often due to relaxed throat muscles and tissues. Both conditions can result in disrupted sleep and decreased oxygen levels, but their underlying mechanisms differ. Treatment options vary based on the type and severity of the condition.