The Spanish, led by Francisco Pizarro, employed a combination of military force, strategic alliances, and deception to gain control of the Incas. They exploited existing rivalries among Indigenous groups, forming alliances with some tribes to turn them against the Incas. The capture and execution of the Inca ruler Atahualpa in 1532 significantly weakened Inca resistance. Additionally, the Spanish introduced diseases that devastated the Inca population, further facilitating their conquest.
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