What factors limited the exercise of complete absolutism?

The exercise of complete absolutism was often limited by several factors, including the presence of powerful nobility who could challenge the authority of the monarch, as well as institutional structures like parliaments and councils that held significant influence. Economic constraints, such as the need for taxation and revenue generation, often required monarchs to negotiate with various societal groups. Additionally, popular uprisings and social unrest could undermine a ruler's authority, necessitating a balance between absolute power and the realities of governance.