How could the atomic spectra gases be used to identify the elements present in light from distant stars?

Atomic spectra of gases can be used to identify elements in distant stars through a process called spectroscopy. When light from a star passes through its atmosphere, specific wavelengths of light are absorbed by the elements present, resulting in dark lines on the spectrum. By comparing these absorption lines to known spectra of elements, scientists can determine which elements are present in the star. This technique allows astronomers to analyze the composition, temperature, density, and motion of celestial bodies.