How hot is the surface of a roof at 100 degrees?

When the air temperature is 100 degrees Fahrenheit, the surface of a roof can be significantly hotter due to the heat absorption and retention properties of materials like asphalt, metal, or concrete. Roof surfaces can reach temperatures of 150 to 180 degrees Fahrenheit or even higher, depending on factors like color, material, and exposure to direct sunlight. This elevated temperature can contribute to heat buildup in buildings and affect energy efficiency.