Why do Arctic Lupines have seeds that can wait until centuries before they sprout?

Arctic lupines have seeds with a remarkable ability to remain dormant for long periods, allowing them to survive in harsh Arctic environments where conditions are not always favorable for germination. This dormancy is a survival strategy that ensures seeds can wait for optimal conditions, such as temperature and moisture, to enhance their chances of successful growth. Additionally, this trait enables the species to persist through unpredictable climate changes and disturbances in their habitat. The seeds can remain viable for centuries, serving as a reservoir for future generations when the environment becomes more suitable.