What is defensive attribution?

Defensive attribution is a psychological concept that refers to the tendency of individuals to attribute negative outcomes or events to external factors rather than internal ones, in order to protect their self-esteem and maintain a positive self-image. This bias can lead people to believe that victims of misfortune are somehow responsible for their situation, thereby reducing the perceived likelihood of experiencing similar misfortunes themselves. By doing so, individuals can feel a sense of control over their own lives and avoid the anxiety associated with randomness and vulnerability.