What is the history of welfare?

The history of welfare dates back to ancient civilizations where communal support systems provided for the needy. In medieval Europe, charitable institutions, often linked to the Church, began formalizing assistance to the poor. The modern welfare state emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries, particularly after industrialization, with governments implementing social safety nets like unemployment insurance and social security. These programs expanded significantly after World War II, driven by the belief in the state's responsibility to ensure citizens' well-being.