Why did flagellants whip themselves?

Flagellants whipped themselves as a form of penance during the Middle Ages, particularly during the Black Death in the 14th century. They believed that self-inflicted suffering could earn God's forgiveness for their sins and help avert divine punishment. This extreme practice was also seen as a way to express their grief and desperation in the face of widespread death and disease. Flagellant movements often emphasized communal suffering and sought to inspire others to repent and return to faith.