What was the scientific way to predict the outcome of a cross between two parents?

The scientific way to predict the outcome of a cross between two parents is through the use of a Punnett square, which illustrates the possible genetic combinations of alleles from each parent. By determining the genotypes of the parents, one can fill in the square to visualize the potential offspring's genotypes and phenotypes. Additionally, understanding the principles of Mendelian inheritance, such as dominant and recessive traits, helps in making accurate predictions about the traits expressed in the offspring. This method provides a systematic approach to genetic forecasting in breeding studies.