The Indian Removal Act of 1830 authorized the relocation of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the southeastern United States to designated territories west of the Mississippi River. This legislation aimed to facilitate the expansion of white settlers into these lands and often led to forced removals, most notably exemplified by the Trail of Tears, where thousands of Native Americans suffered and died during the journey. The act was driven by a belief in Manifest Destiny and the desire for agricultural land.
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