At the end of the 1980s, many communist governments in Eastern Europe fell, marking the decline of Soviet-style communism. This shift was largely driven by popular uprisings, reform movements, and the influence of Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of glasnost and perestroika. Notable events included the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the subsequent collapse of the Iron Curtain, leading to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
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