What two factors contributed to the panic of 1819?

The Panic of 1819 was primarily driven by a sudden drop in demand for American agricultural products following the end of the Napoleonic Wars, which led to falling prices and widespread economic distress. Additionally, speculative lending practices and overly aggressive bank policies, particularly by the Second Bank of the United States, resulted in a credit contraction that exacerbated the financial crisis, leading to bank failures and widespread unemployment.