Water pollution can cause what problems to coral reefs?

Water pollution poses significant threats to coral reefs by introducing harmful substances, such as nutrients, heavy metals, and plastics, which can lead to algal blooms. These blooms outcompete corals for sunlight and essential resources, ultimately resulting in coral bleaching and reduced biodiversity. Additionally, pollutants can weaken coral immunity, making them more susceptible to diseases and environmental stressors. Overall, water pollution disrupts the delicate balance of coral reef ecosystems, jeopardizing their health and survival.