What is the process called for the body's defenses against injury infection or allergy?

The process is called the immune response. It involves the activation of various cells and molecules, including white blood cells, antibodies, and cytokines, to identify and eliminate pathogens, foreign substances, and damaged cells. This complex system not only protects the body from infections but also plays a role in responding to allergens and tissue injuries. The immune response can be innate, providing immediate defense, or adaptive, developing a targeted response over time.