How gyroscope can be used in inertial guidance system?

A gyroscope is a crucial component of an inertial guidance system as it measures angular velocity, allowing for the determination of orientation and changes in position. By integrating the gyroscope's readings over time, the system can calculate the object's current attitude and trajectory without needing external references. This capability enables accurate navigation in aircraft, spacecraft, and submarines, where GPS signals may be unavailable. The gyroscope's stability and precision ensure reliable performance in dynamic environments.