England's political leaders transferred power to James II's daughter Mary in 1688 due to widespread discontent with James's Catholicism and his perceived authoritarian rule. The Glorious Revolution was driven by fears of a Catholic dynasty and the desire to uphold Protestantism and parliamentary governance. Mary, a Protestant, was seen as a more acceptable ruler, especially since her husband, William of Orange, supported the overthrow of James. This transition aimed to ensure a constitutional monarchy and protect religious liberties.
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