The Wilmot Proviso passed in the House primarily due to the strong support from Northern Democrats and Whigs who opposed the expansion of slavery into newly acquired territories from the Mexican-American War. However, it failed to pass in the Senate because the Southern senators, who were staunch advocates for the protection of slavery, held significant influence and effectively blocked the measure. The deepening sectional divide over slavery also polarized opinions in Congress, making it difficult to achieve consensus on such contentious issues.
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