How much lead is needed to block x rays?

The amount of lead needed to block X-rays depends on the energy level of the X-rays and the desired level of attenuation. Generally, a thickness of about 0.5 to 1 mm of lead can significantly reduce the intensity of lower-energy X-rays, while higher-energy X-rays may require thicker lead, often several millimeters. For precise applications, the specific energy of the X-ray source and the required dose reduction must be considered to determine the appropriate lead shielding thickness.