How did olden day kettles work?

Olden day kettles, typically made from materials like iron or copper, were heated over an open flame or on a stovetop. Water was poured into the kettle, which would then be placed directly on the heat source. As the flame heated the bottom, the water inside would gradually reach its boiling point, producing steam. Some designs included a spout for pouring, and a lid to help trap heat and speed up the boiling process.