What is the difference between interlocking directorates and mergers?

Interlocking directorates occur when members of a company's board of directors also serve on the boards of other companies, leading to potential conflicts of interest and reduced competition. In contrast, mergers involve the combination of two or more companies into a single entity, usually to achieve greater market share, efficiency, or diversification. While interlocking directorates can influence corporate governance and strategic decisions, mergers fundamentally alter the structure and ownership of the companies involved.