What are the 5 most significant pieces of the columbian exchange?

The Columbian Exchange significantly transformed global agriculture, trade, and culture by introducing a variety of crops and livestock across continents. Key elements include the introduction of New World crops like potatoes, tomatoes, and maize to Europe, which boosted food security and population growth. Conversely, Old World animals such as horses, cattle, and pigs were brought to the Americas, greatly impacting indigenous societies and their ways of life. Additionally, the exchange facilitated the spread of diseases, which had devastating effects on Native American populations, fundamentally reshaping Demographics and societies.