What was a central issue in the Supreme Court cases of Gideon versus Wainwright 1963 in Miranda versus Arizona 1966?

A central issue in both Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966) was the protection of defendants' rights under the Sixth Amendment. In Gideon, the Court ruled that the right to counsel is a fundamental right applicable to state courts, ensuring that defendants have legal representation even if they cannot afford an attorney. In Miranda, the Court established that individuals in custody must be informed of their rights, including the right to counsel and the right against self-incrimination, to ensure that confessions and statements made during interrogation are voluntary and informed. Both cases emphasized the importance of fair trial rights in the American justice system.