What are the differences between glucose and galactose in terms of their chemical structures and biological functions?

Glucose and galactose are both monosaccharides, or simple sugars, with similar chemical structures. However, they differ in the arrangement of their atoms. Glucose is the primary source of energy for cells and is found in many foods, while galactose is less common and is often found in dairy products. In terms of biological functions, glucose is essential for energy production and is a key component of carbohydrates, while galactose is important for the synthesis of certain molecules in the body.