Why did Mikhail Gorbachev introduced new policies in 1985?

Mikhail Gorbachev introduced new policies in 1985 primarily to address the economic stagnation and political rigidity of the Soviet Union. His initiatives, known as glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring), aimed to promote transparency in government and reform the economy by introducing elements of market mechanisms. Gorbachev sought to revitalize Soviet society and improve living standards, while also reducing tensions with the West. These reforms ultimately contributed to significant changes in the political landscape of the USSR and the end of the Cold War.