What is the difference between a survey and an experiment?

Surveys are samples, measurements, and observations designed to arrive at a certain number or estimate of a question or belief. Science experiments try to arrive at answering a question, or proving a hypothesis. A controlled experiment has an independent variable (that which is changed or modified by the scientist), and a dependent variable (that which is measured during the experiment). It would also have a control (an unchanging part of the experiment that can be used as a standard throughout the experiment).