What are the various kinds of performance overheads associated with servicing an interrupt?

Performance overheads associated with servicing an interrupt include context switching time, where the CPU saves the state of the current process and loads the state of the interrupt handler. There is also the time taken to execute the interrupt service routine (ISR), which can delay the execution of other processes. Additionally, interrupts can lead to cache misses if the ISR accesses different memory regions than the interrupted process, further impacting performance. Lastly, frequent interrupts can lead to CPU contention and increased system load, degrading overall system efficiency.