Who invented an organ tranplant?

The notion of transplanting organs has been around almost as long as civilization. There is some reasonable documentation that a skin transplant first occurred in the 2nd century BC by a surgeon named Sushruta in India.

If Sushruta's works are to be dismissed, then one might consider an Italian surgeon who studied books attributed to Sushruta, named of Gasparo Tagliacozzi. He lived from 1546 - 1599 and successfully completed skin grafts.

Internal organ transplants were not generally successful in humans until the 1970s when cyclosporine was discovered. Notable exceptions to this were transplants between identical twins.