How many times has Jay-Z retired and is it all just a marketing tool?

Jay-Z has announced his retirement from music multiple times, notably after the release of his album "The Black Album" in 2003, but he has since returned to the industry with new projects. These proclamations have often been viewed by fans and critics alike as strategic moves to generate buzz and reinvigorate interest in his work, rather than genuine retirements. As a highly influential figure in hip-hop, these announcements can serve as effective marketing tools to create anticipation for his next releases.