World War I was sparked by a combination of factors, including militarism, alliances, Imperialism, and nationalism. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in June 1914 acted as a catalyst, triggering a series of diplomatic crises and mobilizations among the major European powers. The existing complex network of alliances, such as the Triple Entente and Triple Alliance, escalated the conflict from a regional issue to a full-scale war. Additionally, rising nationalist sentiments and imperial competition further fueled tensions between nations.
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