What are the written records engraved on rocks copper plates and clay tablets?

Written records engraved on rocks, copper plates, and clay tablets are some of the earliest forms of human communication and documentation. These records often include historical accounts, laws, religious texts, and administrative information, serving as vital sources of knowledge about ancient civilizations. Examples include cuneiform inscriptions on clay tablets from Mesopotamia and hieroglyphs on stone monuments in Egypt. These artifacts provide insight into the culture, language, and practices of societies long gone.