What is the modulus of rigidity of wire by using torsion pendulum?

The modulus of rigidity of a wire can be calculated using a torsion pendulum experiment by measuring the angular deflection of the wire under a known torque. By relating the torsional constant of the wire, the length of the wire, and the applied torque, the modulus of rigidity (also known as shear modulus) can be determined using the formula G = (π * r^4 * T) / (2 * L * θ), where G is the modulus of rigidity, r is the radius of the wire, T is the torque, L is the length of the wire, and θ is the angular deflection.