1) states' rights- There was conflict between those who believed that the federal government should be more powerful than the state governments (the North) and those who believed that the state governments should be more powerful than the federal government (the South).
2) taxes- The federal government put a tariff on exports. This hurt the South because they produced agricultural goods, which they sent to other countries. With the extra tax, they had to raise their prices and the other countries started buying from other sources. The tax didn't hurt the North, however, because they produced industrial goods and sold within the country.
3) slavery- The southern states supported slavery, which was an important part of their economy. They depended on the slaves to work on plantations as free labor. The North recognized slaves as people and thought that they should not be owned by others and should be paid for their work.
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